Concept of Consumer Society in Modern Society

Idea of Consumer Society in Modern Society Key Concepts Living in the advanced world individuals live in the customer society. To get a closer comprehension of the idea ‘consumer society’, individuals should focus on the way of life they follow. Having many products at the market, individuals expend those and purchase an ever increasing number of different merchandise. One of the principle trademark highlights of a buyer society is that while expending various items individuals don't do it freely, in vacuum. Individuals are unavoidable members of the shopper society, as purchasing items they need to purchase increasingly more other related or dependant ones. For instance, when individuals purchase a toothbrush, they can't utilize it separated from different articles, they need toothpaste to get the most noteworthy impact from the purchased item. The equivalent is about different items, getting a few merchandise, individuals consistently need to purchase more. Belief system Ideology is an idea which may allude to various circles of human life. Probably the broadest significance of this idea is the manner in which individuals think. Belief system isn't only the thoughts individuals have in their psyches in the connection to one explicit issue. Philosophy is a lot of rules and standards individuals live with. Individuals ought not confound philosophy and culture as these are two totally various thoughts. Culture is a target idea which just exists in the society.Advertising We will compose a custom article test on Concept of Consumer Society in Modern Society explicitly for you for just $16.05 $11/page Learn More Culture is made out of conventions which have been detailing for a long time. Philosophy is an individual emotional treatment of the encompassing scene, the mentality to one another and the craving to show a bit of an image overall. Belief system will in general make complex thoughts basic. Publicity is one of the sides of belief system, as its fundamental thought is the conviction of others that his perspective is the main right. Semiotics is an idea which is planned for investigating various signs and images. Outstanding amongst other useful utilizations of semiotics is the production of various arranged or built dialects. Living in the cutting edge world, it is difficult to envision contemporary existence without PCs. Programming dialects are an inescapable piece of any PC program and programming. Being isolated into various branches, semiotics considers various characteristics of sign frameworks, the connection among signs and images and their significance, the association between images their translation. Discourse and language are the principle objects of exploration in semiotics. Jealousy, Desire and Belonging in Advertising Envy, want and having a place in promoting are the ideas which can exist just in the shopper society. At the point when individuals watch publicizing they need what they see. The sentiment of want might be incited by various reasons. I t's anything but a difficult when individuals need what they see since they need it, ad just causes them pick a brand. The issue shows up when individuals need to purchase an item since they begrudge the individuals who have it. This is called a promoting having a place. Regardless of whether individuals need this item or not, they will definitely get it as their longing to have the thing others have is too enormous. Every one of these ideas, jealousy, want and having a place in publicizing are firmly related. To turn out to be liberated from promoting having a place, individuals ought to either stop begrudge the individuals who has a chance to have a place a particular item or ought to encase themselves from the longing to get it. Exposition Introduction There are various meanings of mass culture, and relying upon the pressure the creator makes in his/her definition, this idea have either positive or negative undertone. Having alluded a contemporary culture to both mass and famous, it is conceivable to thoroughly analyze these two distinctive opinions.Advertising Looking for paper on social examinations? How about we check whether we can support you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More On the one hand, â€Å"mass culture isn't and can never be good† (Macdonald 43), then again, being mass, â€Å"popular culture is connected, for such a long time, to questions or custom, of customary type of life† (Hall 442). Accordingly, recognizing the thought of contemporary culture, we have confronted the difficult whether to consider it as a positive or a negative issue. To respond to the inquiry whether mass and mainstream societies are the components of contemporary culture and whether they are recognized as positive or negative marvels, we will consider various sentiments and key contentions offer by the accompanying scholars, Stuart Hall, F.R. Levis, Dwight Macdonald, and Raymond Williams. â€Å"Mass Culture Is not and Can Never Be Good† H aving expressed this thought, Macdonald carefully bolsters it with the contentions. He is certain that a culture is something person, which is made by and accommodated an individual. Mass utilization of culture wipes out the general concept of distinction that causes this thought to lose its essential importance. The accompanying thought is utilized in help, â€Å"a enormous amount of individuals [are] unfit to communicate as people since they are identified with each other neither as people nor as individuals from networks †in reality, they are not identified with one another by any stretch of the imagination, yet just as something removed, conceptual, nonhuman†( Macdonald 43). Taking a gander at the issue from this point, it is conceivable to concur with Macdonald, however to explore reality, it is critical to check the importance of the word ‘culture’ to ensure that the creator thinks about it in an appropriate manner. Perusing an exposition by Raymond Wi lliams who attempts to investigate the birthplace and historical background of the words ‘culture’ and ‘mass’, a wide range of meanings of the word ‘culture’ was recognized. In any case, there was not referenced that culture implies singular articulation or a belonging to a particular person. Additionally, Raymond underlines that the varieties of whatever sort of the word ’culture’ â€Å"necessarily include elective perspectives on the exercises, connections, and procedures which this unpredictable word indicates† (Raymond 28). Consequently, the word culture doesn't mean a particular attribute of one specific individual, it is a lot of issues which describes a gathering of individuals. The Benefits of Mass Culture According to Hall, mainstream society has a constructive implication as it reflects conventions individuals have. To make the conversation understood, mainstream society is a mass culture, as â€Å"the things are supposed to be ‘popular’ in light of the fact that masses of individuals hear them out, get them, read them, expend them, and appear to appreciate them to the full† (Hall 446). The primary thought of this assessment is that if the way of life is mass and individuals like it, it is well known and there is no compelling reason to talk about negative undertone of mass culture.Advertising We will compose a custom paper test on Concept of Consumer Society in Modern Society explicitly for you for just $16.05 $11/page Learn More But, Levis attempts to repudiate this perspective by methods for giving some negative impact of such mass mainstream society. It's anything but a mystery that culture changes. The progressions which happen in the general public might be excessively quick and individuals may not see those, at the same time, if too take a gander at the issue extensively, it very well may be effortlessly seen that guardians can't comprehend their youngsters,  "generations think that its difficult to modify themselves to one another, and guardians are powerless to manage their children† (Levis 34). In this manner, the ages which are so close have various societies. The failure to have an individual or if nothing else family culture prompts misconstruing and clashes. Lobby can negate this conclusion expressing that it isn't the way of life which changes and causes individuals to get extraordinary, it is the adjustment in the connections. Culture changes when a particular convention gets predominant over another. He expresses that â€Å"almost every social structure will be opposing in this sense, made out of adversarial and temperamental elements† (Hall 449). Contemporary Culture as Mass and Popular One: Personal Opinion Having considered an assessment of various scholars on the issue committed to culture and its substance, I arrived at the resolution that contemporary culture is a mass mainstream society which signifies the c urrent philosophy of individuals. Therefore, I certainly can't help contradicting Macdonald and his perspective that â€Å"mass culture isn't and can never be good† (Macdonald 43). The issue of preferences and having a closely-held conviction shows up in the casings of this issue. Living in the period of mass amusement, a few people despite everything figure out how to acknowledge high and cutting edge culture. In this way, it might be inferred that mainstream society in the contemporary world is something other than an assessment of most by far of individuals, being intriguing to a restricted gathering of individuals, a particular culture might be famous also. It isn't the assessment of a different individual, so it is likewise mass. Being sought after among a gathering of individuals, it is viewed as famous and mass. Mass in this importance may indicate something progressive and inverse (Williams 32). Going to the genuine belief, I for the most part concur with Hall who exp resses that mainstream society is a mass one which communicates the thoughts of individuals who expend the social items. Culture ought to be and is alluded to the convention. It tends to be even expressed that culture and custom are interconnected ideas which should consistently meet up. All things considered, I additionally concur with Levis, who features that culture is in emergency now (34), along these lines it is difficult to talk about this problem.Advertising Searching for article on social investigations? We should check whether we can support you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Find out More One may express that culture and custom are not related as there are numer

Evita: Saint Or Sinner? :: essays research papers

Evita: Saint or Sinner? Â Â Â Â Â The story of Eva Peron is an entrancing one . Evita, as she is known, delighted in an ascent to control like no other. The subtleties of this rising are frequently contested, making Santa Evita's story even more charming. . . Â Â Â Â Â Maria Eva Duarte was conceived on May 7, 1919,1 the fifth and most youthful ill-conceived offspring of Juan Duarte and his escort, Juan Ibarguen. The seven day stretch of her introduction to the world was known as Tragic Week, when the military slaughtered striking specialists, maybe a portend of what was to come in her life.2 Â Â Â Â Â Eva spent her adolescence in an adobe farmhouse, with livestock and earthen floors. In the cultivating exchange, Juan Duarte brought about numerous obligations, in the long run leaving him with nothing. In this way, from the get-go in her life, Eva took in the embarrassment of neediness. Â Â Â Â Â The Duartes were additionally put somewhere near the hardened Argentine station framework, which separated the poor from the affluent. Being an illegitimate youngster, Eva and her four sisters were viewed as 'imps,' and were halted from partner with the other town kids. Dismissal, tossed upon youthful Eva through no shortcoming of her own, would not be overlooked nor forgiven.3 Â Â Â Â Â At age fifteen, Eva Duarte set out to turn into a radio on-screen character. She knew she could resemble the ladies in the film magazines she either took or acquired from her companions. Eva met vocalist Agustin Magaldi, and, gathered her packs and sneaked out of her mom's lodging to the city of Buenos Aires. Â Â Â Â Â Once Eva took in the principles of the 'throwing lounge chair,' she dropped Magaldi furthermore, started her rising to fame. For quite a long time she meandered the boulevards, tried out, furthermore, did whatever she needed to do, regardless of how disagreeable. Eva picked up displaying work and little parts in radio plays, frequenting dance club, and started to discover better work. Â Â Â Â Â After a few employments in theaters, she was met by the magazine Sintonia. After Eva began an issue with the magazine's proprietor, he started to give her great introduction. This prompted employments in the film business. Despite the fact that she made a few, she had not a single ability in sight in any of her films.4 Â Â Â Â Â Eva's body was what offered her to the majority. She could have any man that she needed, and before long put her focus on Colonel Juan Peron, who had political mercilessness, an energy for more youthful ladies (particularly gorgeous entertainers), also, was a 48-year-old widower.5 Â Â Â Â Â On January 15, 1944, San Juan Argentina was hit by an awful seismic tremor. A celebration advantage show was held to help the aid venture, where Eva and Colonel Peron initially met. They were seen leaving the affair together.

Blog Archive Monday Morning Essay Tip Use School-Specific Information

Blog Archive Monday Morning Essay Tip Use School-Specific Information In MBA application essays, many business school candidates unwittingly discuss their personal experience with a specific MBA program in the most vague and general way. Because they are writing from memory and discussing their authentic experience, they do not realize that they are not being specific enough. Consider the following example: “During my experience at Cornell, I was struck by the easygoing classroom discussion, the warmth of the professors and the time spent by the first-year student who not only toured the facilities with me but also took me for coffee and asked several of his colleagues to join us.” While these statements may in fact be true, the text contains no Cornell-specific language. If Yale, Michigan or the name of any other school were substituted for Cornell here, the statement would otherwise not change at all. This statement could be applicable to any other schoolâ€"and this is not good. In contrast, the following statement could refer only to Darden: “While on Grounds, I was impressed by Professor Robert Carraway’s easygoing and humorous style, as he facilitated a fast-paced discussion of the ‘George’s T-Shirts’ case. Although I admittedly felt dizzied by the classs pace, I was comforted when I encountered several students reviewing the finer points of the case later at First Coffee. I was impressed when my first-year guide stopped mid-tour to check in with her learning teammate and reinforce the case’s central point. It was then I recognized that this was the right environment for me.” If you were to substitute the Darden name and even the professor’s name with those of another school and professor, the paragraph would no longer work. The Darden-specific information regarding the day’s case, First Coffee and learning teams ensures that these sentences have a sincere and personal feel and shows that the candidate truly understands what the school is about. This is necessary for a compelling personal statement that will catch the admissions committees attention. Share ThisTweet Monday Morning Essay Tips

Understanding training and coaching in the workplace Free Essay Example, 1250 words

Training and Coaching Introduction For an organization to grow, the human resource department must capitalize on staff training, coaching facilitation and mentoring. In this regard, an organization will maximize its labor force by ensuring that its staff put more efforts towards the achievement of the organization’s goals. These aspects that aim at improving employee’s efficiency integrate harmoniously. Employee training involves providing staff members with specialized instructions on how to perform an activity and making them to practice the skills acquired with an overall goal of improving their efficiency. Through training, an expert passes on vital skills to individuals or groups. The skills facilitate the performance of process related or task related activities. Through training, employees acquire new techniques on how to perform complicated tasks, increase their knowledge and expertise skills (Morgan, 2012). In addition, employees also clarify the organizational attitude, beliefs or behavior. Through a series of repetitive practice employees improve their output by adopting the skills learnt and also improve these skills. Coaching forms part of the training development that occurs when a coach supports a learner to achieve a professional or personal goal. We will write a custom essay sample on Understanding training and coaching in the workplace or any topic specifically for you Only $17.96 $11.86/pageorder now In most cases, coaching is a confidential learning process designed to improve the learners’ performance, output, or personal growth. Unlike normal employee training, coaching is more effective since the coach is able to evaluate an individual’s progress. In this regard, the coach not only identifies the learner’s strengths and weaknesses, but he also provides a forum for feedback, by clarifying areas where the learner performs well and areas in which the learner must improve on. In several instances, coaching results to the learners’ personal change in that a learner acquires clear understanding on the importance of positive output towards the achievement of organizational goals. Coaching facilitates development of skills and performance aimed at specified tasks and overall job responsibility. Coaching also advocates for professional and personal development aimed at future responsibilities and professional roles. Identi fication of training and coaching needs In an organization, training is often essential when employees are not meeting the organization’s standard or failing to meet the expected performance level. The difference between actual and expected performance determines the extent of training required (Morgan, 2012).

Cyberbullying And Traditional Bullying Cyberbullying

Cyberbullying is a relatively new threat, and it is very similar to traditional bullying. Despite the fact that cyberbullying and traditional bullying both share the common goal of harassment, cyberbullying differs from traditional bullying in that it does not stop at the schoolyard, and can continue when the victim is far away from the aggressor. It is just as devastating as common bullying, and sometimes is even more damaging. Professors Sameer Hinduja and Justin W. Patchin note in their journal, â€Å"Cyberbullying Creates Dangerous Stress and Anxiety†, that cyberbullying affects anywhere between 10-40% of students (contingent on their age group) (par. 1). J.D. Kelly A. Albin, in her article â€Å"Bullies in a Wired World†, defines cyberbullying as â€Å"†¦the ‘willful and repeated harm inflicted through use of computers, cell phones, and other electronic devices’† (157). It is caused by the fact that children feel their actions are mitigated when they use social media, as it creates the illusion of indirectness, and its effects range anywhere from mild depression to suicide. Hinduja and Patchin state that: †¦it is often easier to be cruel using technology because cyberbullying can be done from a physically distant location, and the bully doesn t have to see the immediate response by the target. In fact, some teens simply might not recognize the serious harm they are causing because they are sheltered from the victim s response (par. 6) This is a logical cause for cyberbullyingShow MoreRelatedTraditional Bullying and Cyberbullying1260 Words   |  6 Pagesactions of bullying to hurt others they felt as a threat or to be in the â€Å"in crowd† of popularity. Traditional bullying was physical and thus confined to face-to-face contexts. However, with the development of widespread social interaction via social media websites, email, and text-messaging, teens have additional avenues of expression and, as a result, other means of bullying. Over time the bullying taking place using digital means has come to be known as cyberbullying. Cyberbullying has broughtRead MoreCyberbullying versus Traditional Bullying1690 Words   |  7 PagesBullying has been around since the beginning of time. Parents may remember when they were kids and the bully would pick on them or their friends by stealing lunch money or just getting beat up, and that was the end of it. The victims remember the hurt, frustration, and sadness it caused. However, these days, bullying is not just happening on the playground or at the bus stop, it is happening on the Internet and on cell phones, making it possible to bully a child 24 hours a day with multiple bulliesRead MoreCyberbullying Is A Common Than Traditional Bullying Essay1374 Words   |  6 PagesWhat is Bullying? â€Å"Bullying is unwanted, aggressive behavior among school aged children that involves a real or perceived power imbalance† (Stopbullying.gov). Bullying can include making threats to someone to scare them, spreading false rumors about someone, attacking someone physically or verbally, and excluding someone from a grou p on purpose. The bullies, the ones who are bullied, and the bystanders are all victims, specifically teenagers. Females are more vulnerable to bullies because they areRead MoreA Brief Note On Cyberbullying And Other Types Of Traditional Bullying1138 Words   |  5 Pages Before one can understand cyberbullying, he or she must first know the signs and characteristics of traditional bullying. According to Nansel (2001) and Olweus (1993), bullying is characterized by intentional behavior that is meant to cause pain, both physical and emotional, to another person due to an imbalance of social or physical power. There are two forms of traditional bullying: direct and indirect. Direct bullying is characterized by physical attacks, such as hitting and kicking; it isRead MoreCyberbullying Is Becoming More Of A Problem Than Traditional Bullying998 Words   |  4 PagesCyberbullying is becoming more of a problem than traditional bullying, more kids are getting social media and bullying others each and every day. This type of bullying continues to grow with the amount of technology that is coming out into the world. Cyberbullying does not get taken as serious as traditional bullying. It is becoming a huge problem in this day in age and needs more attention than it is getting. Social media is a huge factor for this type of bullying to take place. Nobody takes itRead MoreDoes Cyberbullying Have The Same Negative Effects On Traditional Bullying? Essay1613 Words   |  7 PagesLiterature Research Question Does cyberbullying have the same negative effects as traditional bullying? Thesis Statement Cyber Bullying has the same negative effects as Traditional Bullying. Introduction The goal of the research reports is to compare and contrast the effects of cyberbullying against those of traditional bullying. The research finds that cyberbullying does have the same effect as traditional bullying, but to a greater extent. ReviewingRead MoreCyberbullying: The New Form Of Bullying. When Sending Our1661 Words   |  7 PagesCyberbullying: The New Form of Bullying When sending our children to school we expect them to be able to learn without distractions, but bullying makes that impossible. Bullying has been recognized as a problem for school children globally. In fact, school bullying has proven to be a risk factor for suicide, which has been identified as one of the top causes of death among teens (Erick Messias, 2014). Now that bullying and its importance has been acknowledged as a critical concern, several preventionRead MoreCyberbullying : A Behavioral Pattern That All Cyberbullies Share? Essay1668 Words   |  7 Pages CYBERBULLYING: IS THERE A BEHAVIORAL PATTERN THAT ALL CYBERBULLIES SHARE? Stewart, Marissa â€Æ' Abstract This study investigates some of the different behaviors that are portrayed by cyberbullies, and whether or not cyberbullying is another main type of bullying. Cyberbullying is defined as aggression that occurs through modern technological devices, and specifically mobile phones or the internet (Slonje, R. Smith P.K. 2008). â€Å"Bullying† is often defined as being an aggressive, intentional act orRead MoreCyberbullying Behaviors, By Nadine M. Connell1787 Words   |  4 PagesDifferences in Cyberbullying Behaviors,† written by Nadine M. Connell1, Natalie M. Schell-Busey, Allison N. Pearce, and Pamela Negro, the topic of cyberbullying is discussed. Their research focuses on whether or not there’s a correlation between cyberbullying and gender. Research on bullying suggests that traditional bullying occurs between males and includes participation in physical acts, while females engage in more relational attacks. However, when it comes to cyberbullying, the gender thatRead MoreCyberbullying, An Online Harassment Of Children By Others1581 Words   |  7 Pages Rather be Bullied or Cyberbullied Abstract: Cyberbullying is an online harassment of children by others. The works of Patchin, Shariff, and Willard, all prominent researchers in the study of cyberbullying. They found issues related to cyberbullying that can be understood. Most cyberbullying instances happen at home and is often brought to the school campus. School systems are left unsure of how to response to the bullying while balancing legal and ethnic responsibilities. Students across the nation

California V. Ciraolo. Privacy - 1173 Words

California v. Ciraolo Privacy, as defined by the American Heritage Dictionary, is the quality or condition of being secluded from the presence or view of others, and the state of being free from public attention or unsanctioned intrusion. Interestingly, the Constitution of the United States does not expressly protect a person s right to privacy; there are however some provisions to privacy within the Bill of Right and the Amendments to the Constitution. Among them are the first amendment, that ensures the privacy or belief, the third amendment, that ensures the privacy of home, and the fourth amendment, that ensures the privacy of person and possession. It is the fourth amendment that this paper and it states â€Å" The right of the people to†¦show more content†¦The obvious first answer is, do not break the law! Interestingly, if one plans on breaking the law, they must not consent to a search if ask and keep you illegal activity out of view of law enforcement. Looking at the case of the State of California versus Dante Ciraolo. On September 2, 1982, Detective John Schutz of the Santa Clara Police Department received an anonymous phone complaint about someone growing marijuana in their yard. Detective Schutz, a member of the Narcotics Division, went to the location given by the caller to investigate. When he arrived at the intersection of Stebbins Avenue and Clark Avenue, he noticed the residence at 2085 Clark Avenue. From his location on the street (figure 1) Detective Schultz observed a six-foot privacy fence with an inner fence of about ten feet in height, as such, Detective Schultz could not see any evidence of any marijuana cultivation or other criminal activity. Based on his training Detective Schultz knew marijuana growers frequently used greenhouses, fencing, or other means to obscure the view of the illegal activities to avoid arrest. Undeterred with his finding on the ground, Detective Schultz along with Narcotics Agent R. Rodriguez chartered an airplane and flew over the residence at 2085 Clark Avenue. From an altitude of one thousand feet, both could visually see marijuana plants growing in the back yard behind the tall fence (figure 2). Using their testimony and photographs taken fromShow MoreRelatedPrivacy, As Defined By The Merriam-Webster’S Dictionary1354 Words   |  6 PagesPrivacy, as defined by the Merriam-Webster’s Dictionary is, â€Å"the quality or state of being apart from company or observation†(Merriam-Webster, 2011), and â€Å"freedom from unauthorized intrusion†(Merriam-Webster, 2011). Interestingly, the Constitution of the United States does not expressly protect a person s right to privacy ! There are however some provisions to privacy within the Bill of Right and the Amendments to the Constitution that do. Among them are the first amendment, that ensures theRead MoreThe Case Of Kyllo V. United States951 Words   |  4 PagesIn the case of Kyllo v. United States, I believe that the federal government did not exceed boundaries set by the Fourth Amendment. Conducting basic surveillance of the home with a basic thermal imager, Kyllo’s illegal activities were inferred using common patterns associated with indoor marijuana growth, and this information was used to obtain a search warrant. Although agents used extrasensory technology to view the normally invisible heat radiating from the home, their actions did not infringeRead MorePrivacy Is The Freedom From Unauthorized Intrusion Essay1308 Words   |  6 PagesWhen we became the United States, our founding fathers wrote the Constitution as a means of protecting our natural rights, such as speech and privacy, but a re we truly protected the government and others? Merriam-Webster dictionary defines privacy as the freedom from unauthorized intrusion. Privacy is one of the earliest forms of noneconomic due process, the idea was proposed by Samuel Warren and Louis Brandeis in 1890 was presented as a unifying theme for common law protection rights (â€Å"DevelopmentRead MoreThe Psychic Powers Of Drugs1018 Words   |  5 Pagesclaims the evidence from his home was seized illegally. In the criminal law domain, the Fourth Amendment â€Å"search and seizure† protections extend to law enforcement searches of items and places in which an individual has a legitimate expectation of privacy. These items and places include his or her â€Å"persons, houses, papers, and effects,† hotel rooms, clothing, purses, luggage, vehicles, and many other legally privatized things. In this case, the procedure used to find marijuana could easily be seenRead MoreAn Unmanned Aircraft System ( Uas )1691 Words   |  7 Pages As far as crowd surveillance goes, the use of drones appears to be a no-brainer. But this type of surveillance can also be a gateway into privacy-concerns. According to Black (2013), today’s rapidly changing drone technology carries the potential to violate the privacy rights of an individual. Numerous drones also carry the potential to â€Å"threaten privacy in society as a whole.† (Black 2013). Moving beyond crowd surveillance, drones are raising a lot of questions in reference to the Fourth AmendmentRead MoreThe Current State Of Fourth Amendment Law Essay2841 Words   |  12 Pages ?Privacy is one of the biggest problems in this new electronic age.[footnoteRef:1]? [1: Andy Grove http://quotesgram.com/img/privacy-quotes/9730413/] This paper is intended to discuss the current state of Fourth Amendment law and evaluate the legality of State and Local governments use of drones as an extension of the state government?s police powers. The paper will proceed first by examining the current state of Fourth Amendment jurisprudence with particular attention paid to how courts haveRead MoreThe Fourth Amendment And The Rights Of Search Warrants1195 Words   |  5 Pagesupholding or appealing, in what applies and does not apply, to the Fourth Amendment. The Fourth Amendment is within the Bill of Rights in the United States Constitution. The Fourth Amendment, clearly states people have a right to be secure in their privacy, in their own persons, own homes, and their own papers and their personal effects, against unreasonable searches and seizures. However, if there is probable cause of criminal or harmful intent being committed with a particular person or persons, thanRead MoreExamination Of The Fourth Amendment2339 Words   |  10 Pagesstates the limits of governmental authority. For instance, the First Amendment guarantees individuals’ natural rights such as freedom of speech, religion, and press. In addition, the Fourth Amendment restricts government intrusions into personal privacy and property. Both the Bill of Rights and the Fourth Amendment emerged from several English political documents such as the Magna Carta, the Petition of Right, and the English Bill of Rights (Bill of Rights - Bill of Rights Institute). Among theseRead MoreThe Issue Of Drone Law1874 Words   |  8 Pagesor change entirely, in the future. Despite the volatility of the current state of drone law, I believe that this is an incredible important area of the law for everyone in the United States, because there is a possibility of drastic changes to the privacy rights of American citizens. This pathfinder is intended to give a layperson an objective overview of the current status of drone law. To do this I will start my explaining drones and their capabilities. Next I will discuss Fourth Amendment commonRead MoreAir Aviation Case Study1136 Words   |  5 Pagesforward moving industry when developing legislation and ordinances. Areas most likely to see new legislation and ordinances from state and local governments will be the use by public entities such as law enforcement. As discussed above in California v. Ciraolo law enforcement aircraft can be used to obtain a search warrant based on observation from within the navigable airspace but, UASs operations differ. Due to limitations of UASs flight time, altitude restrictions, and LOS restrictions just flying

The Influence of Human Resource Management - MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss aboutThe Influence of Human Resource Management. Answer: Introduction The following report contains an analysis of the article based on the compensation system of Samsung and how it is monitored and evaluated in the company(Jain Gautam, 2016). The nature of pay structure must go through a properly defined function in an organization. This particular article highlights the compensation structure of Samsung. The compensation program of the company is should represent a proper core characteristics of the company. The report here also highlights the relevance of a review of reward structure of the company. Performance based, profit based, gains based, merits based compensation system. The government regulation of the management system is also highlighted as per the need of the article. Objective The main objective of this research is to analyze and evaluate the compensation management structure of Samsung. The article also gives insights to this management system. The motivation and rewards system is also part of this system. The reflection of the compensation article is also given in this discussion. The objective also includes the recommendation regarding faults of the system. Purpose The purpose of this report is to analyze the compensation management system of Samsung. Their main motive is to review the contributing factors of compensation management system. Scope The scope of reviewing the process lies in the utilization of the knowledge of performance management system as well as the compensation management system in the organization that I will work on. It will also help me in the future. Reflection Of Performance Management On Strategic HRM The organizations are dependent on the resources they use to fulfill the main vision that they abide by. Employees are one of the main resource that should be considered carefully to deal with. HR departments of the companies are in positon to utilize the human resources(Jain Gautam, 2016). The strategic utilization of the human resource involves developing a proper human resource structure, recruitment, training and development, managing workforce and workspace, retention, and compensation management. The major motivation comes from the compensation that the individuals do. To properly achieve the compensation most of the companies, abide a structure that indicates the main criteria of the company. This is backed up by the performance management system(Jain Gautam, 2016). The higher productivity and lesser scrap rates and lower turnover rates indicates a proper performance management system. Performance management system is one of the most important. Pay structure, pay level and job structure must abide by the equity and fairness theory of pay policy(Harun, Shahid Othman, 2016). The main criteria for the company is to build a structure for the performance management and provide fair compensation for their employees. According the criteria of the performance and labor market and regional pay structure also must be followed(Jain Gautam, 2016). The main problems in the job based pay structure rather than market based pay structure is to move with the trend. The communication and participation are main role of the company that changes with the designing problem of the pay program. The Key Elements Of An Effective Compensation Strategies Are Budget allocation strategy should be properly aligned with the salary benefits of the organization. The strategy should not be used in the proper manner that the compensation budget includes the benefits and incentives (YaseenMaheen, 2017). Allocating a specific budget contributes to strategic human resource management in the company. Developing salary ranges is also a major part of the employee compensation plan. Thus HR resources uses to overview the market trend of compensation scale. Therefore, HR conducts a research regarding development of ranges in the company (Yahya Tan, 2015). Salary auditing of the company with respect to performance management is also part of the compensation management system of the company. Employers are the most important part of external and internal stakeholders those who are part organizations The market trend is one of the most important factor to be considered in the system. The loss of valuable employees may affect the competitive position of the employees. Benefit packages should be used and in addition to the salary to both attract and retain the employees. Thus the goal is to alleviate the health of organization and nurture the work culture of the employees. Therefore, it would help organizations to build a brand through differentiating their identity among the employee domain(YaseenMaheen, 2017). Performance management is one of the most important objective that should be analyzed in an employee rewards and compensation strategy(LongAjagbeKowang, 2014). Annual goals and annual performance appraisals are one of the essential part of employee productivity. The legal compliance of the compensation strategy should be transparent in an organization. The minimum wage and overtime pay fair pay should also be considered in the system. The structured administration of the business process, salary audits, review process, employee engagement, hiring process is part of the administrative staff in an organization. The expectations to managing performance systems must be effective to reward strategy of the company. An attractive fixed salary can contribute to the strategic advantage of the system(Long,AjagbeKowang, 2014). Reflection From The Story Samsung is known for using compensation for their internal stakeholders in the business. The main criteria for the company is to building a proper market reputation. They are also known as the leading the market with their products. The innovators of the company should access are motivated to work by providing the proper compensation. The main criteria for the business is to promote the brainstorming process as well as leverage the process by proper compensation. Samsung also supports the ideas of talent acquisition for the company and thus they help in the job posting and recruiting by talent auditions(Deelman et al., 2015). The concept of C-Lab is also used in this organization. The employees are empowered to grow more in stimulating the innovation purpose of the company. Therefore, despite the fairness and equality in the structure of compensation, the performance of the innovators and their departments performance are calculated and encouraged with excess bonus preparation. The C -Lab projects and Research and Development center of Samsung are given emphasis to bring synergies in the personnel related to the departments and the projects (Samsung rewards Mobile division employees despite poor performance in 2015, 2018). Samsungs pay structure is competitive compared to the structure in the market. This helps them in attracting the proper talent in the system. Typically, as other company in the mobile industry pays the same kind of structure that Samsung follows. The earnings guide of the company follows a profit sharing structure. Additionally, the merit pay, gains and incentive sharing programs are also incorporate in the system. The Main Issues In That Can Be Highlighted In The Companys Compensation Management Fairness in the pay structure is not properly followed. The performance related pay programs differ from the payment and frequency method of payout. Though this have lesser negative consequence, it is contradictory to merit based pay and market based pay. There are different kinds of merit level in people and that are avoided in performance, hourly, managerial, executive base pay system. It heavily relies upon the annual revenue of the company to compensate the employee. This hampers the periodic motivational push that that the individuals need. Completely relying upon the operating profit have a mixed outcome on the employees compensation management. Some of the divisions rips the major part of the profits and remaining other can miss out the opportunity(Pillai Abraham, 2016). Thus getting demotivated to give a one hundred percent to their company. The productivity also gets hampered in the process. As the semiconductor business is one of the most profit oriented company, this department gets more bonus in from the company. Performance related pay also goes through a dilemma of whether the payment of employee salary and bonuses should be linked to individuals, organizations or the groups performance. An effective pay strategy should consider all the level of employees(Deelman et al., 2015). Samsung is known to pay bonus on the basis of sincere contribution to keeping the division running despite numerous challenges(Samsung rewards Mobile division employees despite poor performance in 2015, 2018). Therefore, this contributes to the proper motivational support to the employee. The organisational success does not reflect upon the Samsungs success in the industry. The organisations success and employee pay means are must reflect upon the pay process to increase the intangible motivational factor in employees(Dusterhoff, Cunningham MacGregor, 2014). The program does not administer the rationale of the compensation system. Keeping the division running does not encourage people and does not express proper gratitude to the system. Open unequal employee compensation is another issue that can reflect upon the weakness of the compensation system(Gupta Shaw, 2014). As per the merit based payment structure of the innovators in the company are paid more incentive regarding the business revenue (Deelman et al., 2015). Battery division of the company not getting the proper motivation in terms of bonus, as they are not included in the proper slab of bonus like other divisions of Samsung digital media research lab, software centre, semiconductor and technology centre(Dusterhoff, Cunningham MacGregor, 2014). Social comparison suggests in equity theory that the employees will evaluate their pay based on the important influence of comparison in the industry(BerberSlavi?, 2016). Thus it makes a huge impact that contributes to the fundamental motivation in the employee domain. Recommendation The main criteria of the paycheck that the employees receive after the month is to be used as a reward. Besides the compensation that the individuals receiveshould reflect and support basic mission of human resource in Samsung. The main idea is to motivate, attract and retain the effective work force in the company. Therefore, the compensation must be aligned with that for full purpose. A relevant compensation range can be used in this process and thus it can lead to categorizing the employees and their target. The geographic location and compensation management of the company should be considered in Samsung. Comprehensive training programs for technical people should be included in the developed market. Performance measurement should guide the market responsibilities of the compensation of the position. The current state statute should have revised so that the trend in the performance reach its efficiency. Flexibility and responsiveness of that links the market place to the system should also be considered. The compensation linked to the employee performance to encourage participation and employee lifecycle.Both of this factor is influenced by flexible compensation system. As performance management and training and development are connected functions of the company, they should also consider how the skill development would benefit the organization. Most of all the Consistency should be incorporated in the compensation systemof Samsung which is highly an issue identified in Samsung. Clear compensation policy is the sign of transparency in companies. It should be applied and leveraged upon in the in the performance management system. An accountability chart of the stakeholders should be prepared and administered by the company too. Conclusion Therefore, it can be concluded that employee compensation and benefit programs requires proper attention in a company. It must be fair as per the equity theory of compensation management. The main criteria for compensation lies in the consistency and transparent performance system. Samsung has a mixed system in their compensation strategy. It has adopted profit and gain sharing strategy as well as merit based compensation strategy. The pros and cons of the system are highlighted in the reflection. As a market leader and champion in innovations strategy they also go by a proper strategy to compensate and reward their employees. As the article suggests they did not have proper increase in profit last two years. The article also highlights differentiation in profit of the companys different division. Based on the analysis of the articles the recommendation is given. The recommendation is aimed to alleviate the effect of compensation system in the company. This is supposed to alleviate w orking culture of the employees. Reference Bal, P. M., de Jong, S. B. (2017). From human resource management to human dignity development: a dignity perspective on HRM and the role of workplace democracy. InDignity and the Organization(pp. 173-195). Palgrave Macmillan UK. Becker, K., Smidt, M. (2016). A risk perspective on human resource management: A review and directions for future research.Human Resource Management Review,26(2), 149-165. Berber, N., Slavi?, A. (2016). Human resource (HR) outsourcing in European compensation management in the light of CRANET research.ActaPolytechnicaHungarica,13(3), 207-225. Deelman, E., Vahi, K., Juve, G., Rynge, M., Callaghan, S., Maechling, P. J., ... Wenger, K. (2015). Pegasus, a workflow management system for science automation.Future Generation Computer Systems,46, 17-35. Dusterhoff, C., Cunningham, J. B., MacGregor, J. N. (2014). The effects of performance rating, leadermember exchange, perceived utility, and organizational justice on performance appraisal satisfaction: Applying a moral judgment perspective.Journal of Business Ethics,119(2), 265-273. Gupta, N., Shaw, J. D. (2014). Employee compensation: The neglected area of HRM research.Human Resource Management Review,24(1), 1-4. Harun, S., Shahid, S. A. M., Othman, A. K. (2016). The Influence of HRM Practices Towards PHEIs Non-Academic Staff Intention to Stay: A Conceptual Model.J. Appl. Environ. Biol. Sci,6(5S), 82-89. Jain, S., Gautam, A. (2016). Employees perception towards performance management system: a study of selected PSUs of Uttarakhand.International Journal in Management and Social Science,4(3), 235-245. Jamali, D. R., El Dirani, A. M., Harwood, I. A. (2015). Exploring human resource management roles in corporate social responsibility: the CSR?HRM co?creation model.Business Ethics: A European Review,24(2), 125-143. Kadiresan, V., Selamat, M. H., Selladurai, S., SPR, C. R., Mohamed, R. K. M. H. (2015). Performance Appraisal and Training and Development of Human Resource Management Practices (HRM) on Organizational Commitment and Turnover Intention.Asian Social Science,11(24), 162. Kallio, K. M., Kallio, T. J., Tienari, J., Hyvnen, T. (2016). Ethos at stake: Performance management and academic work in universities.human relations,69(3), 685-709. Long, C. S., Ajagbe, M. A., Kowang, T. O. (2014). Addressing the issues on employees turnover intention in the perspective of HRM practices in SME.Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences,129, 99-104. Pillai, R. P., Abraham, C. (2016). Comparative Analysis of the HRM Practices between Hospitality and Healthcare Sectors in South Kerala.SDMIMD Journal of Management,7(2), 11-19. Raza, S., Kanwal, R., Rafique, M. A., Sarfraz, U., Zahra, M. (2017). THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN HRM PRACTICE, WORKPLACE COMMUNICATION AND JOB PERFORMANCE OF SERVICE INDUSTRIES EMPLOYEES IN VEHARI, PAKISTAN.International Journal of Information, Business and Management,9(2), 122. Samsung rewards Mobile division employees despite poor performance in 2015. (2018).Android Authority. Retrieved 24 January 2018, from https://www.androidauthority.com/samsung-rewards-mobile-division-employees-669904/ Sangwan, S. (2015). IMPACT OF COMPENSATION MANAGEMENT PRACTICES ON EMPLOYEES PERFORMANCE IN PRIVATE SECTOR BANKS. Subramaniam, B., Selvanayagam, J., Yogarajah, V. (2016). Impact of Recruitment and Selection, Training and Development, Performance Evaluation, and Compensation (HRM Practices) on Employees Trust. Yahya, K. K., Tan, F. Y. (2015). Enhancing Career Commitment: The Influence of Human Resource Management Practices.International Journal of Business and Society,16(2), 237. Yahya, K. K., Tan, F. Y. (2015). Enhancing Career Commitment: The Influence of Human Resource Management Practices.International Journal of Business and Society,16(2), 237. Yaseen, R., Maheen, S. (2017). IMPACT OF HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT ON ORGANIZATIONAL PERFORMANCE Hamid Cheema (supervisor) Ayesha cheema.Global Journal of Human Resource Management,5(1), 76-90.

The Use Of Perspective in The Blind Assassin Essay Sample free essay sample

The superb tapestry inThe Blind Assassinis authoritative Margaret Atwood. It is a story-within-a-story. a novel-within-a-novel interwoven in one attractively crafted literary piece. The narrative. set in fictional Ontario and Toronto towns in the 1930s and 1940s. is told in the position of the storyteller every bit good as position of history through newspaper cuttings. Initially. it seems that the secret plan is traveling to be told chiefly in a telegraphic manner through a series of newspaper cut-outs. With these. the reader is treated to a series of human deaths. First. is the tragic decease of Laura Chase who drove a auto off a span when she was merely 25 old ages old. Second. is the decease of Richard Griffen and so Aimee Griffen. 30 old ages subsequently. This twine of deceases is linked by one old woman—Iris Chase. the story’s storyteller. Iris is Laura’s sister. Richard’s married woman. and Aimee’s female parent. We will write a custom essay sample on The Use Of Perspective in The Blind Assassin Essay Sample or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Now in her 80s with a weak bosom get downing to neglect her. she writes about the fortunes of their deceases. The drawn-out narration is told in the first individual. through the position of Iris. Atwood uses Iris and newspaper cuttings to detail flashbacks. As Iris tells her narrative and those around her. the cuttings besides unveil the enigma that surrounds their decease. This is an effectual tool because as the enigmas grow midst. it becomes impossible to set the book down ( Richards. par. 2 ) . Atwood seems to be giving her readers unreciprocated inquiries and dramas with them. She uses Iris to give a sense of play and nostalgia and the cuttings to supply history that will back up these emotions. It is to the late Laura that the writing of the novel is attributed. with a posthumous publication day of the month of 1947 ( par. 6 ) . As Iris writes. it is Laura who touches people and non her. The narrative besides inside informations the love matter between a affluent adult female and a adult male concealing out from the jurisprudence. Their narrative is told in installments throughout the novel and in clip curiously emerges as a unusual metaphor for the lives outside of Iris’ and Laura’s. In this novel. it seems that Atwood treated her readers to at least two different universes: the universe of Iris told in historical item and the universe of phantasy of the fictional lovers. All of these interwoven in one novel makes Atwood’s secret plan dreadfully complicated and convoluted but Atwood effortlessly pull it off ( par. 10 ) . The Blind Assassinshow windows Atwood’s first-class narrative weaving powers. The dizzying start—drawing readers through decades-old flashbacks in the eyes of the storyteller and clippings—suddenly becomes eye-popping and so finally obliging. Atwood’s usage of the narrator’s position gives the narrative a human face. It provides readers with the emotions present in an event that are in fact decades-old. This first-person narrative efficaciously brings readers to that topographic point and that minute where the characters move. Through Iris’ position. all personas voices are heard. All of the personas’ narratives are told and given life. Through the narrator’s position. the complex narratives of the characters are besides given colour. Through Iris. Atwood creatively led her audience to events in history like the optimism in the 1920s. the hungriness and fright during the Great Depression and the political agitation during the late fortiess. Atwood. through Iris. besides gave the readers physical inside informations such as vesture and general manners of life during those times ( par. 8 ) . The newspaper cuttings. for their portion. gave readers a elaborate history environing the characters’ decease. It was these small cut-outs that unveiled the enigmas. Every now and so. the readers will acquire the feeling of â€Å"Oh†¦so that was how it happened. † The cuttings provided replies to inquiries like â€Å"why Iris feels a certain manner about how things turned out. † Even the transitions from the novel ( besides called The Blind Assassin ) that is included in Iris’ memories gave the readers metaphorical mentions. Atwood someway intertwined the lives of the fictional lovers with that of those in Iris’ circle. The novel was Atwood’s originative manner of stating a story-within-a-story. The Blind Assassin is like a show window of Atwood’s many literary techniques. There is history and snippings of poesy within one complex text. It’s like a small spot of the manners Atwood experimented with through the old ages ( par. 10 ) . The authoritative novel. to which Atwood gained a fabulous position as a literary mastermind. offered the heroic narrative of one household through different point of views and assorted angles. The novel that seemed cerebrally confounding at first was resolved through the lens of the cuttings. the fictional novel. and Iris—meaning through history. phantasy. and emotions. Atwood’sThe Blind Assassinis a masterpiece both in the criterions of workmanship and storytelling. The mosaic resulted to a breathtaking journey into the personas’ yesteryear and the absorbing disclosure of the enigmas that surround it. The diverse positions and points of positions Atwood utilised were attractively interwoven in one classical whole. The rhetorical device Atwood used madeThe Blind Assassinmore than merely another narrative of a household in the 1930s. Through this literary scheme. the novel became an insightful history into a tragic yesteryear and the painful journey towards doing sense of that yesteryear. Plants Cited: Richards. Linda. â€Å"Brilliant Tapestry. †January Magazine. ( Oct. 2000 ) . 8 Oct. 2007. lt ; hypertext transfer protocol: //januarymagazine. com/fiction/blindassassin. hypertext markup language gt ; .

The Use Of Perspective in The Blind Assassin Essay Sample free essay sample

The superb tapestry inThe Blind Assassinis authoritative Margaret Atwood. It is a story-within-a-story. a novel-within-a-novel interwoven in one attractively crafted literary piece. The narrative. set in fictional Ontario and Toronto towns in the 1930s and 1940s. is told in the position of the storyteller every bit good as position of history through newspaper cuttings. Initially. it seems that the secret plan is traveling to be told chiefly in a telegraphic manner through a series of newspaper cut-outs. With these. the reader is treated to a series of human deaths. First. is the tragic decease of Laura Chase who drove a auto off a span when she was merely 25 old ages old. Second. is the decease of Richard Griffen and so Aimee Griffen. 30 old ages subsequently. This twine of deceases is linked by one old woman—Iris Chase. the story’s storyteller. Iris is Laura’s sister. Richard’s married woman. and Aimee’s female parent. We will write a custom essay sample on The Use Of Perspective in The Blind Assassin Essay Sample or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Now in her 80s with a weak bosom get downing to neglect her. she writes about the fortunes of their deceases. The drawn-out narration is told in the first individual. through the position of Iris. Atwood uses Iris and newspaper cuttings to detail flashbacks. As Iris tells her narrative and those around her. the cuttings besides unveil the enigma that surrounds their decease. This is an effectual tool because as the enigmas grow midst. it becomes impossible to set the book down ( Richards. par. 2 ) . Atwood seems to be giving her readers unreciprocated inquiries and dramas with them. She uses Iris to give a sense of play and nostalgia and the cuttings to supply history that will back up these emotions. It is to the late Laura that the writing of the novel is attributed. with a posthumous publication day of the month of 1947 ( par. 6 ) . As Iris writes. it is Laura who touches people and non her. The narrative besides inside informations the love matter between a affluent adult female and a adult male concealing out from the jurisprudence. Their narrative is told in installments throughout the novel and in clip curiously emerges as a unusual metaphor for the lives outside of Iris’ and Laura’s. In this novel. it seems that Atwood treated her readers to at least two different universes: the universe of Iris told in historical item and the universe of phantasy of the fictional lovers. All of these interwoven in one novel makes Atwood’s secret plan dreadfully complicated and convoluted but Atwood effortlessly pull it off ( par. 10 ) . The Blind Assassinshow windows Atwood’s first-class narrative weaving powers. The dizzying start—drawing readers through decades-old flashbacks in the eyes of the storyteller and clippings—suddenly becomes eye-popping and so finally obliging. Atwood’s usage of the narrator’s position gives the narrative a human face. It provides readers with the emotions present in an event that are in fact decades-old. This first-person narrative efficaciously brings readers to that topographic point and that minute where the characters move. Through Iris’ position. all personas voices are heard. All of the personas’ narratives are told and given life. Through the narrator’s position. the complex narratives of the characters are besides given colour. Through Iris. Atwood creatively led her audience to events in history like the optimism in the 1920s. the hungriness and fright during the Great Depression and the political agitation during the late fortiess. Atwood. through Iris. besides gave the readers physical inside informations such as vesture and general manners of life during those times ( par. 8 ) . The newspaper cuttings. for their portion. gave readers a elaborate history environing the characters’ decease. It was these small cut-outs that unveiled the enigmas. Every now and so. the readers will acquire the feeling of â€Å"Oh†¦so that was how it happened. † The cuttings provided replies to inquiries like â€Å"why Iris feels a certain manner about how things turned out. † Even the transitions from the novel ( besides called The Blind Assassin ) that is included in Iris’ memories gave the readers metaphorical mentions. Atwood someway intertwined the lives of the fictional lovers with that of those in Iris’ circle. The novel was Atwood’s originative manner of stating a story-within-a-story. The Blind Assassin is like a show window of Atwood’s many literary techniques. There is history and snippings of poesy within one complex text. It’s like a small spot of the manners Atwood experimented with through the old ages ( par. 10 ) . The authoritative novel. to which Atwood gained a fabulous position as a literary mastermind. offered the heroic narrative of one household through different point of views and assorted angles. The novel that seemed cerebrally confounding at first was resolved through the lens of the cuttings. the fictional novel. and Iris—meaning through history. phantasy. and emotions. Atwood’sThe Blind Assassinis a masterpiece both in the criterions of workmanship and storytelling. The mosaic resulted to a breathtaking journey into the personas’ yesteryear and the absorbing disclosure of the enigmas that surround it. The diverse positions and points of positions Atwood utilised were attractively interwoven in one classical whole. The rhetorical device Atwood used madeThe Blind Assassinmore than merely another narrative of a household in the 1930s. Through this literary scheme. the novel became an insightful history into a tragic yesteryear and the painful journey towards doing sense of that yesteryear. Plants Cited: Richards. Linda. â€Å"Brilliant Tapestry. †January Magazine. ( Oct. 2000 ) . 8 Oct. 2007. lt ; hypertext transfer protocol: //januarymagazine. com/fiction/blindassassin. hypertext markup language gt ; .

The Use Of Perspective in The Blind Assassin Essay Sample free essay sample

The superb tapestry inThe Blind Assassinis authoritative Margaret Atwood. It is a story-within-a-story. a novel-within-a-novel interwoven in one attractively crafted literary piece. The narrative. set in fictional Ontario and Toronto towns in the 1930s and 1940s. is told in the position of the storyteller every bit good as position of history through newspaper cuttings. Initially. it seems that the secret plan is traveling to be told chiefly in a telegraphic manner through a series of newspaper cut-outs. With these. the reader is treated to a series of human deaths. First. is the tragic decease of Laura Chase who drove a auto off a span when she was merely 25 old ages old. Second. is the decease of Richard Griffen and so Aimee Griffen. 30 old ages subsequently. This twine of deceases is linked by one old woman—Iris Chase. the story’s storyteller. Iris is Laura’s sister. Richard’s married woman. and Aimee’s female parent. We will write a custom essay sample on The Use Of Perspective in The Blind Assassin Essay Sample or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Now in her 80s with a weak bosom get downing to neglect her. she writes about the fortunes of their deceases. The drawn-out narration is told in the first individual. through the position of Iris. Atwood uses Iris and newspaper cuttings to detail flashbacks. As Iris tells her narrative and those around her. the cuttings besides unveil the enigma that surrounds their decease. This is an effectual tool because as the enigmas grow midst. it becomes impossible to set the book down ( Richards. par. 2 ) . Atwood seems to be giving her readers unreciprocated inquiries and dramas with them. She uses Iris to give a sense of play and nostalgia and the cuttings to supply history that will back up these emotions. It is to the late Laura that the writing of the novel is attributed. with a posthumous publication day of the month of 1947 ( par. 6 ) . As Iris writes. it is Laura who touches people and non her. The narrative besides inside informations the love matter between a affluent adult female and a adult male concealing out from the jurisprudence. Their narrative is told in installments throughout the novel and in clip curiously emerges as a unusual metaphor for the lives outside of Iris’ and Laura’s. In this novel. it seems that Atwood treated her readers to at least two different universes: the universe of Iris told in historical item and the universe of phantasy of the fictional lovers. All of these interwoven in one novel makes Atwood’s secret plan dreadfully complicated and convoluted but Atwood effortlessly pull it off ( par. 10 ) . The Blind Assassinshow windows Atwood’s first-class narrative weaving powers. The dizzying start—drawing readers through decades-old flashbacks in the eyes of the storyteller and clippings—suddenly becomes eye-popping and so finally obliging. Atwood’s usage of the narrator’s position gives the narrative a human face. It provides readers with the emotions present in an event that are in fact decades-old. This first-person narrative efficaciously brings readers to that topographic point and that minute where the characters move. Through Iris’ position. all personas voices are heard. All of the personas’ narratives are told and given life. Through the narrator’s position. the complex narratives of the characters are besides given colour. Through Iris. Atwood creatively led her audience to events in history like the optimism in the 1920s. the hungriness and fright during the Great Depression and the political agitation during the late fortiess. Atwood. through Iris. besides gave the readers physical inside informations such as vesture and general manners of life during those times ( par. 8 ) . The newspaper cuttings. for their portion. gave readers a elaborate history environing the characters’ decease. It was these small cut-outs that unveiled the enigmas. Every now and so. the readers will acquire the feeling of â€Å"Oh†¦so that was how it happened. † The cuttings provided replies to inquiries like â€Å"why Iris feels a certain manner about how things turned out. † Even the transitions from the novel ( besides called The Blind Assassin ) that is included in Iris’ memories gave the readers metaphorical mentions. Atwood someway intertwined the lives of the fictional lovers with that of those in Iris’ circle. The novel was Atwood’s originative manner of stating a story-within-a-story. The Blind Assassin is like a show window of Atwood’s many literary techniques. There is history and snippings of poesy within one complex text. It’s like a small spot of the manners Atwood experimented with through the old ages ( par. 10 ) . The authoritative novel. to which Atwood gained a fabulous position as a literary mastermind. offered the heroic narrative of one household through different point of views and assorted angles. The novel that seemed cerebrally confounding at first was resolved through the lens of the cuttings. the fictional novel. and Iris—meaning through history. phantasy. and emotions. Atwood’sThe Blind Assassinis a masterpiece both in the criterions of workmanship and storytelling. The mosaic resulted to a breathtaking journey into the personas’ yesteryear and the absorbing disclosure of the enigmas that surround it. The diverse positions and points of positions Atwood utilised were attractively interwoven in one classical whole. The rhetorical device Atwood used madeThe Blind Assassinmore than merely another narrative of a household in the 1930s. Through this literary scheme. the novel became an insightful history into a tragic yesteryear and the painful journey towards doing sense of that yesteryear. Plants Cited: Richards. Linda. â€Å"Brilliant Tapestry. †January Magazine. ( Oct. 2000 ) . 8 Oct. 2007. lt ; hypertext transfer protocol: //januarymagazine. com/fiction/blindassassin. hypertext markup language gt ; .

Change management essay on McDonalds The WritePass Journal

Change management essay on McDonalds Change management essay on McDonalds IntroductionOverview of the companyScope of changeProblems in implementing changeRecommendationsConclusionReferencesRelated Introduction Change management can be defined as ‘the process of continually renewing an organisation’s direction, structure, and capabilities to serve the ever changing needs to external and internal customers’ (Moran and Brightman, 2001).   As per Burnes (2004) change is a feature which is always present in the life of organisation. It exist both at operational and strategic level. The organisation is aware about where the change is required and is fully capable of planning and implementing these changes in its structure .According to Burnes 2004; Rieley and Clarkson, 2001, the organisations strategy and organisational strategies are something which goes hand in hand and cannot be separated. In the words of Graetz, 2000, ‘Against a backdrop of increasing globalisation, deregulation, the rapid pace of technological innovation, a growing knowledge of workforce, and shifting social and demographic trends, few would dispute that the primary   task of   management tod ay   is leadership of organisational change.’ In early times the theories believed that if the organisation keeps changing management system then it can no longer run effectively nor can it make any improvement in performance (Rieley and Clarkson, 2001). It was believed that the company had to bring new management theory into routine in order to achieve efficiency and improvement in the performance. This Means that an organisation has to give ample time for a particular change to be adopted and settle down in daily routine so that it can be run in efficient manner (Luecke, 2003).However in today’s time It is believed that staff of the organisation should go through continuous change to achieve efficiency (burnes, 2004; Rieley and Clarkson, 2001) According to Grundy, 1993 ‘change which is marked by rapid shifts in strategy, structure or culture, or in all three.’ Senior, 2002 adds to it saying that this kind of sudden change or implementation can be caused only due to malfunctioning of the internal structure or it can be caused due to external pressure. Every organisation is looking to move forward by implanting a management system with will boost organisations strength and capability, enhancing its competitiveness. An organisation has to deal with unforeseen situations in today’s highly competitive environment and to deal with this it has to be more flexible and ready for any situational changes that it will have to make, like adoption of new technology or some latest development in theory for current market. In the fast moving economic environment there continuous changes in the type of technology, the way the product is marketed, trends etc. the organisation has to be more flexible to adopt changes in order to remain competitive in the global market. Change can be good in a way; it can make complex work very simple and helps to improve lives through new innovations. Organisations bring change in their working structures to be more competitive and providing the best to their customers. As per Carlpio (1998) change is something to do with implementation of new innovative ways of doing things, enabling the room for improvement in the system through practice. Number of changes can be introduced in the system but the one which brings success to the organisation is considered to be the most important one of all. A change in management system is important specially when a particular system which the running organisation is facing difficulties or has some problems with it. Changes are brought in to improve the organisations performance.   Changes are mostly brought due to forces which can be internal or external yee, 1998.   Changes can be brought at different level of an organisation (Swenson, 1997) The modification needed or which can be done maybe many or quite a few (Reigeluth, 1994). There could be various factors for change (Bamford and Forrester, 2003). Change can be either internal or external. External include new technology which is current requirement of the industry or trend in the current economy which may have direct impact on profitability of the business. A structured method of change was adopted in 1946 by Lewin (Bamford and Forrester, 2003) what lewin had to say was something different than the old theories, he mentioned that in order to apply any new theory or change management an organisation will have to first discard it’s old management structure or system. Management of changes pays a role in identifying objectives of the organisation and then sets goals accordingly. Its role is to implement new changes in the organisation in which it can be noticed that these changes ultimately bring innovations. The first step towards organisational change is to understand the requirements of the organisation and issues with the current management structure. The purpose of the paper is to provide insight of change management process in the chosen company which is McDonalds and provide solution and recommendation for the same. Overview of the company McDonalds is a company with mile stones of success which was started in 1954 by Ray Kroc as a burger shop which was then turned through extensive marketing planning and campaigning making it a global brands in today’s time. It is renowned fast food brands all over the world with more than 32,000 branches in 117 countries.McDonald’s trade mark was a carefully created and was a successful hit which was a clown with a smile. The big Mac is one of the most successful products of McDonalds. McDonalds offers a menu which is almost the same all cross the world. The menu includes burgers, hamburgers, cheese burgers and drinks include soft drinks with fries. McDonalds target customers includes kids, teens and families. It is now the most renowned brand in fast food that sells ready to eat and quickly served fast food. In spite of being a famous brandMcDonaldsis still facing some issue and needs to change its management structure and image as the people in current time have a bit different expectations then those in previous days (McDonalds 2010) In today’s time people have become more diet and health conscious and are now moving towards food which is healthy and has more nutritional values. Fast food has always been known as junk food with no nutritional value and the popular opinion was that fast food results into obesity by increasing fats in the body. Today’s generation is more figure conscious and are looking forward for food which is low fat and high in proteins. McDonaldsis facing problems as it is a well established fast food brand and fast food is always related to unhealthy and fattening food, while competitors ofMcDonaldshave already made a move towards health conscious products by introducing entire new range which is healthy and non fattening. McDonalds needs to change the way it markets itself and also need to introduce a new line of products, as per expectations of new generation’s customers. Scope of change Advertising and marketing places an important role in establishing an image of the company in the eyes of the society in which it operates. The scope of change widely lies in the implementation of integrated marketing strategy. In this paper the importance is given to marketing and advertisement part as to launch new range of healthy products, the company has to implement new marketing practises. The new marketing campaign will adopt a new health conscious process which will flow along with a trend of fitting with health related issues like obesity in young children’s and create awareness about health eating practises. The main objective of this campaign is to promote its new products which are healthy and contains low fats. This will help create positive image of McDonalds among the customers and make them aware of new products which are healthier than the earlier once. To execute these plans the company has to plan its new strategy of advertising and marketing ideas and put a team in place to implement this strategy. The company has also introduced new smoothes and shakes along with healthy breakfast which is available before 12 in all the branches in UK. The marketing integrated campaigns main aim to reflect company mission and new attitude is been seen by the public through companies new promotion and marketing plans. Problems in implementing change When implementing change, conflicts will always follow. There are always conflicts on the route towards changes either before or after it has been initiated. Change in management can be the reason to bring success or failure to an organisation; however conflicts can bring problems if there are not resolved in time as they can bring obstacles in the new management structure introduced. The management has to be aware that it should be capable of not only introducing necessary changes but also be able to implement them effectively clearing all the obstacles. The main reason to bring changes in the organisation structure especially through marketing campaign is to improve the image of the organisation and to make the company more competitive in its industry.   The company might have to face many obstacles in doing this and these obstacles can be both external and internal. It is important to know the consent of the stakeholders of the organisation as they are very important part of the organisation. Stake holders include share holders, customers, supplier and employees. It is important for an organisation to keep all its stakeholders happy because if they are happy then it’s beneficial for the organisation. But there will conflict due to changes as there will be resistance from the side of employees or customers themselves as often people resist changing. There may be employees or customers who would accept the change happily but the problem is with those who do not agree with new management system which is to be implemented. Most of the time they may think that the change which has been brought is nothing to do with the issue or it may worsen the situations. I it may also happen that within employees they might not trust people who are in charge of this new change. Employees are not the only one who creates obstacles for change sometimes even the customers are not ready for change. If they do not take to change positively then this may create issue for the company to achieve its goal for the change. Along with this another problem that McDonalds may face is finding the right staff to drive this change that will be responsible to deliver these changes in department of marketing and communication. In addition to from employees and customer’s resistance there can be other barriers this may affect the process of change. The strategic implementation is important part of changes; complications in this can be problematic for the company. There can be many other issues which can create barriers in changes such as conflict in view of share holders or the problem in finance and lack of budget of the company another problem can be sustaining the process of change. As per carlopio 1998 innovation is something that does not happen in a day it takes series of phases to finish the process of change. Staff involved in this change management process must undergo some kind of training and learning procedure to make them competent to sustain the series of change until it attains success. Inability to handle or lack of experience and knowledge in implementation of strategic change may not be able to achieve integrated marketing and communication strategies. So to overcome the problem of negative response the management of the company should make the staff go through necessary training and development programmes. The training programme should be such that it should provide complete understanding of the programme to the members of the staff. It should make sure that none of the information is missed in the training programme. After the programme there should be a follow up to check if all the members have understood and have sufficient information to support change. There can be internal conflicts between the members of the staff due to cultural issues. This bring problem in harmony of the members in the organisation, leading to conflict within the company. McDonalds must understand the cultures of its employees and should identify the problem that may be caused because of the conflicts if any (wikins and Dyer, 1998) McDonalds should incorporate governance in the system to enhance the quality of staff and the time spent by them at the work place. Different appraisal policies can help to boost employees. Working environment can also be improved so that staff members can have a good time while working for the company which at the same time also benefits the organisation. Strong organisation culture along with good management team is needed to solve such internal conflict issues. The second most important change is to sustain the success that had been achieved through implementation of new management process. Change is part of the society and it comes again in regular interval of time (Carlopio, 1998). For the success of change management it is important that all the stakeholders know or are made aware that current change has been brought for the betterment of them. The management of the organisation should constantly analyse the current market trends and predict future scenarios, so that it can prepare itself for next set of change that will be required for the success of the organisation. Recommendations The success of the new changes in management cannot be correctly predicted as it completely depends on the attitudes of the young generation and the society. Changing the image from fast seller to a company who provides healthy meal is not a easy process, but with strong marketing campaigns and advertisement the message can be sent to people and there is a chance that this message will be delivered. It is imperative that the new image of McDonalds reaches all 117 countries. After this message has been promoted there is a chance of getting rid of the critic’s comments that McDonalds brands have unhealthy and fattening. In other words innovation can be explained as a bunch or new ideas which have been successfully implemented (Kuhn, 1993). Innovation can be led by two factors which is technology based innovation and the second one is demand based innovation. However most of the innovations are charged up realisation of demand instead of technology. Changes are mainly driven by constant research and development, performed by companies and RD is given a lot of attention. Apart from RD there can be other ways of bringing innovation and one of the simplest ways to keep improving working practises while in the daily routine. Combination of knowledge and extensive work experience can help to innovate a new a better way of doing things. Radical innovation always come from the RD department of the company but innovations which are incremental can only come from through practice (Lundvall, 1992). McDonalds will have to plan and implement its new marketing campaigns effectively with effective ways of doing it. The company has to take care that its internal staff is competent in delivering the outcome and that is minimum resistance from the internally. There is a good chance that McDonalds can change its image in food industry from junk food supplier to a health conscious meal provider.    Conclusion As per beverage 2003, the management of the organisation has to be on toss all the time to keep the organisation up to the market expectation. They have to continuously analyse and monitor current market conditions so that that they are aware of the current standing of the company in the market. To bring innovation the management will have to keep a check on which ideas are working and which are not doing well when implemented and accordingly change the management structure. To implement a management change the leader must create a environment which is safe and will support new changes in the organisation. A above all It can be said that a change in management is good only if that particular change has potential to improve companies competitiveness in the market and bring more success to the organisation. The organisation should keep monitoring current situations and make changes only if it is felt necessary, as change in organisation is a complex decision and has direct impact on the image of the organisation. With proper care and preparation and organisation (McDonalds) can survive the toughest competition. References Carlopio, J., (1998), â€Å"Implementation: making workplace and technical change happen†, McGraw-hill publication, Sydney. Yee, J.A., (1998), â€Å" Forces motivating institutional reform†, ericdigests.org/1999-1/reform.html. Accessed March 2011. Swenson, D.X., (1997), â€Å"Requisite conditions for team empowerment†, empowerment in organisations, Vol. 5 No. 1 Reigeluth, C. M. (1994). The imperative for systemic change. In C. M. Reigeluth R. J. Garfinkle (Eds.), Systemic change in education (pp. 3-11). Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Educational Technology Publications. Wilkins, A., Dyer, W. Jr (1988), Toward culturally sensitive theories of cultural change,  Academy of Management Review, Vol. 13. Kuhn, R.L., Ed., (1993), â€Å"Generating Creativity and Innovation in Large Bureaucracies†, Quorum Books, London Lundvall, B.A.,   (1992), â€Å" National Systems of Innovation: Towards a Theory of Innovation and Interactive learning†, Pinter, London. Beverage, w. M., (2002), â€Å"slow change in fast culture†, Educause review, pp. 10-11. Moran, J. W. and Brightman, B. K. (2001) ‘Leading organizational change’, Career Development International, 6(2), pp. 111–118. Burnes, B. (2004) Managing Change: A Strategic Approach to Organisational Dynamics, 4th edn (Harlow: Prentice Hall). Rieley, J. B. and Clarkson, I. (2001) ‘The impact of change on performance’, Journal of Change Management, 2(2), pp. 160–172. Graetz, F. (2000) ‘Strategic change leadership’, Management Decision, 38(8), pp. 550–562. Luecke, R. (2003), â€Å" Managing Change and Transition†,   Harvard Business School Press, Boston Burnes, B. (2004) Managing Change: A Strategic Approach to Organisational Dynamics, 4th edn (Harlow: Prentice Hall). Bamford, D. R. and Forrester, P. L. (2003) ‘Managing planned and emergent change within an operations management environment’, International Journal of Operations Production Management, issue 23, Vol. 5 McDonalds, (2010), â€Å"about McDonalds†, aboutmcdonalds.com/mcd, viewed on 5th march 2011.

Marcus Mosiah Garveys Movement Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Marcus Mosiah Garveys Movement - Essay Example According to the report findings Garvey visited Ecuador, Costa Rica and Panama, where he worked as an editor for some radical newspapers, during the early moments of service. Garvey’s keen interest in Africa and that of its history came about after his visit to England, where he mingled with several African nationalists. In a number of the countries that Garvey visited, he acknowledged that the black man was on inferior levels, subject to the continuous changing ideals of stronger races. The writings of Booker T. Washington on â€Å"Up from slavery† also contributed greatly to the interventions that Garvey sought to bring. His endeavors got a boost after meeting a Sudanese-Egyptian supporter of Africa self-rule, Duse Mohammed Ali, who employed him, thus ensuring his interaction with other black activists. As the the essay stresses the organization appealed to the black community to return to Africa for the development of a great nation. He knew that until this was attainable, Africans had to make themselves economically stable and independent in their respective areas of residence. He further encouraged black communities to start their own business in the various ghettos that they dominated. In accordance to his basic principle and the belief that each race had to see God through its own racial eyes, Garvey together with Archbishop George McGuire started the African Orthodox Church. Official announcement of the Black Madonna and the Black Christ then took place in the UNIA convention of 1924.

Integrated Reporting Framework Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Integrated Reporting Framework - Essay Example However, it was not until 1999 that the UK developed a framework which it described as – ‘Statement of Principles for Financial Reporting’. Both frameworks were based on work done in US, Canada and some other countries (Dyson 2007). Before that time the bases for financial reporting were various rules and custom and standards which were mainly ‘fire-fighting exercises’ (Dyson 200?). The USA, however, was much earlier in developing a conceptual framework in the 1970’s. This framework was also developed out of a number of crises over the years which led to the creation of the Securities and Exchange Commission in the United States in 1934 under whose charge the FASB falls. Subsequently, there have been additional crisis in the United States especially that which led to the Sarbanes Oxley Act 2002. This Act has laid down certain requirements for companies listed on the stock exchange. All these have one objective – the protection of stakeho lders, while minimising the differences in reporting by companies. The IFRS framework deals with the objectives of financial statements, the qualitative characteristics that determine the usefulness of these statements, the definition, recognition and measurement of the elements from which they are constructed, and the concepts of capital and capital maintenance (BPP 2009, p. 36). They form a common basis on which financial statements are repared, thus creating a basis for discussion. These frameworks have provided guidelines in relation to disclosure of information, measurement, recognition and presentation of financial statement components. This means that company executives have to abide by these guidelines if they want their auditors (assurance providers) to indicate that their financial statements show as true and fair view. This has helped to constrain the freedom of company executives. Harmonisation and convergence projects There have been frequent calls for harmonisation and this has borne some fruit with over 100 countries accepting the International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) with additional countries such as Canada being one of the most recent adoptees (Sungard 2011). According to PricewaterhouseCoopers (2011, p. 3) as a result of mergers and acquisitions through business dealings with non-US customers and vendors IFRS continue to affect US companies. This has led to the convergence project for a conceptual framework which is a joint project between the International Accounting Standards Board (IASB) the preparers of IFRS and Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) the preparers of US GAAP. The objective of the project is to develop an improved conceptual framework as a basis for developing accounting standards in the future (Financial Accounting Standards Board n.d.). All these are aimed at making financial statements that have been produced in different countries more comparable. Additionally, investors will feel more secured and con fident in the information provided in the statements. The Need for Integrated Reporting The frameworks provided by various accounting bodies though undergoing continuous revision have not been able to keep up with the pace of changes in the global environment. Investors and other stakeholders find themselves being short changed by insufficient disclosure, an inability to link the figures provided in the

International Mergers Essay Example for Free

International Mergers Essay Recent years have seen waves of mergers and acquisitions occurring in the international arena. Whilst the nature of such M A activity has enlarged from being mostly IT focussed in the 1990s to include other areas like consumer goods, automobiles, and metals in the 2000s, its intensity remained unabated until the onset of the global financial crisis in 2008. Although M A activity in the domestic space has continued to occur despite the high failure rate of such initiatives, international M A s face the additional challenge of having to overcome issues of different national cultures. The recent break-up of Daimler Chrysler evidences the difficulties that such initiatives face and the enormous harm that can occur if they do not work. This dissertation attempts to investigate the numerous challenges that confront the managements of the two concerned organisations, the hazards posed by such challenges, and the measures that can be adopted to overcome them. Table of Contents Serial Details Page Abstract 2 1. Introduction 5 1. 1. Background and Overview 5 1. 2. Definition of Problem 8 1. 3. Aims and Objectives 12 2. Literature Review 14 2. 1. Motivation for International M A Activity 14 2. 1. 1. Strategic Objectives 14 2. 1. 2. Other Drivers of International Mergers and Acquisitions 18 2. 2. The Cultural Context 20 2. 2. 1 National Culture 20 2. 2. 2. Organisational Culture 23 2. 2. 3 The Impact of Culture on International Mergers and Acquisitions 25 2. 2. 4 Overcoming Cultural Differences in International Mergers and Acquisitions 32 3. 0 Research Methodology 38 3. 1. Research Questions 38 3. 2. Choice of Research Methodology 38 3. 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Methods 39 3. 4. Choice of Methodology 41 3. 5. Primary and Secondary Data 41 3. 6. Ethics 42 4. 0 Data Collection 43 5. 0 Findings and Analysis 48 6. 0 Conclusions 52 Bibliography 53 1. Introduction 1. 1. Background and Overview Corporate mergers and acquisitions (M A) are an accepted form of external growth and are becoming increasingly common with time. With business corporations having realised the benefits of M A activity in terms of growth in sales, increase in capacity, accessing of new markets, obtaining of technology and skills, acquisition of brands, savings in costs, and achievement of synergies in areas of sales, production, and costs, it forms an integral component of the objectives and strategies of most forward looking and ambitious business firms (Gaughan, 2002). Two decades of globalisation, along with progressive development of technology, intensification of competition, increasing pressure on costs, and the continual emergence of new equal skill/ lesser cost production and service centres in Asia, East Europe, and South America are accentuating the need for consolidation and for achieving leadership in costs and quality, the basic tenets of Michael Porter’s theory of competitor advantage (Gaughan, 2002). Such developments are also increasing the number of companies searching for appropriate M A opportunities. The enormous changes that have taken place in the global, economic, political, and trade scenario have added another dimension to the issue of M A activity, that of international mergers and acquisitions (IMA). These pertain to those mergers and acquisitions that take place beyond the borders of specific countries and which are also known as global or cross border M As. The collapse of the Soviet Union, the crumbling of the Berlin Wall, the emergence of East European countries, the formation of the European Union, and the dismantling of trade barriers led to a significant increase in M A activity between European countries. Apart from the remarkable developments in Europe, the last two decades also saw a wave of trade liberalisation and economic and financial reforms sweep through the developing world, and the emergence first of China and then of India on the global economic scene, bringing with them huge markets, strong production and service skills and cheap costs (Gaughan, 2002). With western businesses having realised the import of the enormous business opportunities that are constantly being generated on a global basis, the lid has been taken off IMA activity, which is now increasing furiously, particularly in the USA, the UK, and Europe. â€Å"While USA has always been the pioneer in merger and acquisition activities, UK too has registered high levels of mergers and acquisitions. With the European countries gaining momentum in mergers and acquisitions, international mergers and acquisitions also received a major boost. † (International Mergers and Acquisitions, 2009) IMA is taking place in â€Å"different forms, for example horizontal mergers, vertical mergers, conglomerate mergers, congeneric mergers, reverse mergers, dilutive mergers, and accretive mergers† (International Mergers and Acquisitions, 2009). Whilst IMAs are also driven by the same motives as regular M A activity, international M A helps companies in accessing markets in distant lands, allows companies to build global competitive advantage, and otherwise leads to build up of Foreign Direct Investment. IMA activity is also far more complex than regular M A actions because of the presence of far greater complexities that arise from companies having to deal with different political structures, governmental regulations and policies, economical situations, and investment and other laws (Gaughan, 2002). Despite the presence of such obstacles, international M A activity was gathering pace until the onset of the financial crisis, which has effectively put all commercial and business activity in a state of suspended animation. â€Å"2006 was a record year for acquisitions worldwide when, for the first time, the annual value of these transactions exceeded US$ 4 trillion, and cross-border acquisitions alone amounted to a record high of US$ 1. 3 trillion (Larsen, 2007). This trend continues in 2007, given that the transaction value of global acquisitions in the first three months of the year reached US$ 1. 13 trillion, setting up a record for the busiest first quarter in acquisition history. † (Rottig, 2007) The size of North American IMA activity increased practically by 100 % in 2006 to USD 242 billion from USD 132 billion in 2005. The value of IMA deals in Europe in 2006 touched USD 451 billion (Rottig, 2007). Whilst the most of IMA activity took place in the US, it was followed by the UK and Germany (Rottig, 2007).